In Papua New Guinea (PNG), the most popular social media platforms are Facebook, WhatsApp, TikTok, and Instagram. A study conducted by the PNG National Research Institute (NRI) in 2023 found that Facebook was the most widely used platform, with over a million users, which accounts for more than 13% of the entire population. The largest segment of users falls within the 18 to 24 age group. Additionally, research conducted by StatCounter GlobalStats from October 2023 to October 2024 revealed that 60.95% of the country’s population utilised  Facebook. 

The research findings by PNG NRI revealed that there are both advantages and disadvantages to using social media. Social networking has positive impacts, particularly for the younger generation, as it allows them to broaden their horizons and explore opportunities beyond their immediate physical and geographical circles. It helps them stay informed about current events and gain more knowledge on various issues. Additionally, social networking enables young people to express their opinions and engage in discussions about the topics that matter to them.

According to the Digital 2023 report by DATAREPORTAL, there were 3.29 million internet users in Papua New Guinea at the beginning of 2023. Over 870 thousand had access to social media. Digital literacy is vital for Papua New Guineans to grasp the pros and cons of social media, as irresponsible use can lead to negative consequences.

Following violent riots that erupted in Port Moresby on January 10th 2024, now known as “Black Wednesday” the Papua New Guinea Government, through Minister for Information and Communication Technology, Hon. Timothy Masiu, issued a stern warning to social media users in the country. Masiu emphasised that the government will not hesitate to shut down social media applications and sites if there continues to be an abuse and misuse of these platforms, particularly in the spread of fake news and misinformation. The warning comes in response to what Masiu described as significant evidence of serious abuse of social media. In a statement, he highlighted instances where false information circulated on social media led to the destruction of properties in Port Moresby and other parts of the country, resulting in unfortunate fatalities.

Masiu stated, “We have observed a disturbing trend of misinformation and fake news on social media, leading to real-world consequences, including loss of life and property damage. As a government, we cannot tolerate the abuse of these platforms, and we are prepared to take decisive action to protect the safety and security of our citizens.”

The Cyber Crime Code Act was passed in 2016 to address offences committed through the use of information and communication technology and related purposes. It was enacted to address the growing threat of cybercrime in Papua New Guinea, providing a legal framework for dealing with various online offences. The Act specifically addresses computer-related fraud, identity theft, hacking, and cyberbullying.  Some observers have raised concerns that the Cybercrime Code Act 2016 could be used to stifle freedom of expression and that online criticism of the government could be deemed an offence. 

Despite the existence of a legislative framework to protect the public from harm, many individuals and organisations still face cyber abuse.

The more information a user uploads, the greater the risk of cybercrime. An example of this is when cybercriminals target social media users using fake accounts to trick unsuspecting users into providing personal information or access credentials or clicking links that download malicious software. Another example is the use of fake accounts to defame an individual or organisation. 

What can we do as individuals and responsible organisations to ensure the social media space remains a safe and positive environment?

Organisations can institutionalise social media learning, embedding its principles and practices into an organisation’s culture, routines, and policies, making it a regular part of its operations. This process aims to ensure that social media is used effectively and consistently for learning and knowledge sharing. Schools and educational institutions have a responsibility to teach students about digital citizenship, including responsible social media use. This can involve integrating relevant content into the curriculum and providing opportunities for discussions and learning. Parents are the primary influencers in shaping a child’s understanding of digital behaviour. They can lead by example by demonstrating responsible online practices and fostering open communication about online experiences. 

Do you think  PNG was ready for the social media and digital transformation wave?